This manuscript page contains a simple numerical marker indicating page or section number 2, with the number 34 also appearing, likely as a verse or line reference within the document.

Sanskrit

Rāga

This Sanskrit manuscript folio presents the *Nādadīpa*, a foundational treatise on Indian music theory (*saṅgīta-śāstra*), attributed to the author Mallanirāmala. The text enumerates the technical components of classical music, including *grāma* (scales), *svara* (notes), *pada* (text), *guṇa* (qualities), *laya* (tempo), *sthāna* (registers), *gamaka* (ornamentation), *tāla* (rhythm), *jāti* (genres), *mūrcchanā* (modal sequences), and *rāga* (melodic frameworks), with marginal annotations indicating structural divisions. The opening verses establish the work's authority as supreme among śāstras, while the systematic enumeration of seventy-two *kalā*s and forty-eight *rāgaputra*s reflects the sophisticated taxonomical approach characteristic of early modern Hindustani musicological literature. The presence of scribal notations and numerical indexing suggests this was a working copy intended for pedagogical or performance reference.